Vast areas of the “US” were contaminated with fallout from open atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons.
Even radionucleotides released decades ago can find their way into groundwater and produced and flowback water already chemically contaminated.
While these sources of radiation have long contributed to our overall background exposures, fracking poses a new and serious additional threat to our health, due to dramatic increases in these added, released, and concentrated radionucleotides, in our environment.
“Fukushima” yields multi-dimensional radiation challenges.